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1
q μ =
λ 2 ( q 1 ,q 2 ) q μ ,
(E.36)
λ 2 q μ = λ 2 q μ
λ 4 ( ν λ 2 ) q ν q μ .
Implementing ( E.36 )into( E.21 ) or directly deriving from ( E.32 ), we are led to Corollary E.1 .
Obviously, thanks to the Maupertuis gauge of a geodesic, in particular, by introducing dynamic
time t , we have found the Newton form of a geodesic, an extremely elegant form we shall apply
furtheron.
Corollary E.1 (Newton portrait of a Maupertuis gauged geodesic).
μ λ 2
2
q μ
=0 .
(E.37)
End of Corollary.
E-322 Hamilton Portrait
It should not be too surprising that by introducing the Maupertuis gauge, in particular dynamic
time t , we are led to familiar Hamiltonian equations. The Hamiltonian H 2 ( q ( τ ) ,p ( τ )) is trans-
formed into the Hamiltonian H 2 ( q ( t ) ,p ( t )) subject to the metric g μν = λ 2 ( q 1 ,q 2 ) δ μν and
λ 2 =( q 1 ) 2 +( q 2 ) 2 .
H 2 ( q ( t ) ,p ( t )) =
(E.38)
= 1
1
2 δ μν p μ p ν
2 λ 2 ( q 1 ,q 2 ) .
Equation ( E.38 ) used as the input to minimize the functional leads to Corollary E.2 .
Corollary E.2 (Newton portrait of a Maupertuis gauged geodesic in phase space).
d q μ
d t
= ∂H 2
∂p μ = δ μν p ν ,
(E.39)
 
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