Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
well in sea water (not freshwater or urine), followed by rapid transfer to a hospital; anti-
venoms are available.
VOG
»
Vog, a visible haze or smog caused by volcanic emissions on the Big Island, is usually
dispersed by trade winds.
»
Short-term exposure is not generally hazardous, however high sulfur-dioxide levels can
create breathing problems for sensitive groups (eg anyone with asthma). Avoid vigorous
physical exertion outdoors on voggy days.
»
For more information on vog,
Click here
.
Infectious Diseases
DENGUE FEVER
»
In Hawaii the last dengue fever outbreak was in 2002; for updates, consult the
Hawaii
State Department of Health
(
www.state.hi.us/doh
).
»
Dengue is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, which bite preferentially during the daytime
and breed primarily in artificial water containers.
»
Dengue usually causes flu-like symptoms, including fever, muscle aches, joint pains,
severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, often followed by a rash.
»
If you suspect you've been infected, do not take aspirin or NSAIDs (eg ibuprofen), which
can cause hemorrhaging. See a doctor for diagnosis and monitoring; severe cases may
require hospitalization.
GIARDIASIS
»
Symptoms of this parasitic infection of the small intestine include nausea, bloating,
cramps and diarrhea and may last for weeks.
»
To protect yourself, don't drink from waterfalls, ponds, streams and rivers, which may be
contaminated by animal or human feces.
»
Giardiasis is diagnosed by a stool test and treated with antibiotics.
LEPTOSPIROSIS
»
Leptospirosis is acquired by exposure to water contaminated by the urine of infected an-
imals, especially rodents.
»
Outbreaks often occur after flooding, when overflow contaminates water sources down-
stream from livestock or wild animal habitats.
