HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT - Environmentally Conscious Materials Handling - page 170

CHAPTER 6
HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT

Mujde Erten-Unal
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, Virginia

1 INTRODUCTION AND

DEFINITION OF
HAZARDOUS WASTE

3.3 Aerated Lagoons and Facultative
Lagoons 186

173

3.4 Anaerobic Treatment 187

3.5 Trickling Filters 187

2 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL

TREATMENT SYSTEMS

3.6 Rotating Biological Contactors 188

174

3.7 Bioremediation 188

2.1 Stripping 174

3.8 Phytoremediation 189

2.2 Activated Carbon Adsorption 175

4 THERMAL TREATMENT

SYSTEMS — INCINERATION

2.3 Oxidation 178

190 2.4 Membrane Filtration—Reverse

Osmosis

4.1 Gaseous Waste Incinerators 190

180

4.2 Incineration of Liquid Wastes 191

2.5 Soil Vapor Extraction 181

4.3 Incineration of Solid Wastes 191

3 BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

SYSTEMS

5 LAND DISPOSAL SYSTEMS 192

183

3.1 Activated Sludge 184

REFERENCES 195

3.2 Sequencing Batch Reactors
(SBR) 186

1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

This chapter provides descriptive information on different hazardous waste treat-
ment technologies. Different manufacturing and industrial processes generate
hazardous waste. In addition, manufactured products are consumed throughout
the society and lead to generation of hazardous waste by commercial, agricultural,
institutional, and homeowner activities.
Hazardous waste is defined as any waste (solid, liquids, and containerized
gases) listed in the EPA regulations that meets one of the characteristic of
ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity and is declared as hazardous by
the generator. This definition excludes the waste that is directly discharged into
the air or water; these wastes are regulated under air and water laws that pre-
date hazardous waste legislation (LaGrega et al. 2001). EPA regulates hazardous
waste as a subset of solid waste.

173