Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
strength of these beams. It is well known that the so-called classical elastic
theory of bending is not applicable to problems involving deep beams. As
such, the stress pattern is non-linear and deviates considerably from those
derived by Bernaulli and Navier. Based on ultimate load theory a number
of investigators studied the problem of deep beams with solid webs and
put forward certain empirical and semi-empirical equations for predicting
their ultimate load capacity. Some national codes (CEB-FIP, 1970; BSCP
110, 1972; ACI318, 1971; 1978) eventually incorporated some provisions
regarding design of such beams. However, studies on deep beams with
web openings are very limited and no national code even provides any
guidance for design of deep beams with web openings.
Figure 3.1
Deep beam with web opening.
In the recent past Kong and his associates (1973) at the Universities of
Nottingham Cambridge and Newcastle upon Tyne studied at length the
problems of deep beams and presented semi- empirical formulae for predicting
the ultimate strengths of both solid beams and beams with web openings.
The CIRIA deep-beam design guide (Ove Arup and Partners, 1984) dealing
with the design and detailing of web openings was mainly based on published
literature, intuitive feel for the forces and constructional experiences. These
approaches tended to be cautious in the absence of adequate test data.
Therefore, there is a definite need for understanding of in particular the
behaviour and strength of deep beams with openings in the web.
