Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Whereas sea-salt concentrations also decrease with rising PM in Spain, the
impact of Saharan dust on PM episodes is clearly recognisable and much larger
than in north-western Europe. The natural sources (sea salt and desert dust)
contribute about half of the modelled PM10 concentrations across the whole of
Spain, according to our modelling exercise. Anthropogenic sources that contribute
significantly are similar to those in north-western Europe.
Acknowledgements The use of the “CHEMKAR” data in this study was kindly permitted by the
Flemish Environmental Agency [
8
]. The “BOP” campaign was organised by a consortium of the
Dutch research institutes (ECN, TNO and RIVM) within the framework of the second Netherlands
Research Programme on Particulate Matter (sponsored by the Ministry of Infrastructure and
Environment I&M). The German air quality campaign (executed by IUTA) was sponsored by
the North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection
(LANUV) and the North Rhine-Westphalia Ministry of Environment (MKULNV). The LOTOS-
EUROS modelling exercise presented here was partly funded by the 7th Framework Programme of
the European Commission EnerGEO and by the second Netherlands Research Programme on
Particulate Matter.
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