Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
strategies also vary according to the prevailing situations. While there will
be increased irrigation under drought conditions, urgent measures are re-
quired for irrigation in drought areas and drainage of water from locali-
ties getting excessive rain or flood causing waterlogged situations. New
advance technologies can be helpful in offsetting the negative effects of
climate change.
Biotechnology can enhance the speed, flexibility and efficiency of de-
veloping new cultivars showing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses
arisingdue toimpact of the climate change. Cryopreservation can be ad-
opted for long-term storage of genetic materials. This can eliminate the
chances of losing the genotype due to bad weather from the field gene
bank. Through micropropagation technique large quantity of high quality,
disease free planting materials can be prepared within a stipulated time.
The concept of HDP is becoming widespread all over the country. The pri-
mary reasons for its adoption have been earlier cropping and higher yields,
which translate to higher production efficiency, better utilization of land,
and a higher return of investment. This system offers better opportunities
than the traditional planting approach. Under changing climatic scenario,
drought and salinity are the major and most widespread environmental
stresses that substantially constrain crop productivity. Drip irrigation and
fertigation systems have been found highly effective and beneficial with
a yield gain of 10 to 60% and water saving from 30 to 70% compared to
traditional irrigation methods.
Rising temperatures and variations in humidity not only affect the re-
sponsiveness of crops to various pests and diseases but are likely to have
distinct effects on population thresholds of the insect pests, disease caus-
ing pathogens and both beneficial as well as harmful soil microbes. INM
and IPM are better solutions for sustainable higher production of crops
even in altered climatic conditions. Protected cultivation can be a suitable
option to protect the crops from harmful temperatures, wind, rain, hail,
snow, insect pests, diseases and predators in the areas, which face fre-
quent fluctuations in weather conditions or experience extreme events like
prolonged cold or excessive heat. Advancement in technologies has done
fairly well in tackling various abiotic and biotic stress related problems.
Tomorrow's horticultural industry will be dominated far more than today's
by crop improvement, production, and protection technologies. Research
generates technologies and technology generates a series of benefits to
the growers. Thus, tomorrow's growers would be far more well versed in
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