Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
15.2.4 EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH FOSSIL FUEL AND
BIOMASS
Burning has acted to approximately double the global mean tropospheric
ozone concentration, and further increases are expected over the 20-first
century. Tropospheric ozone is known to damage plants, reducing plant
primary productivity and crop yields, yet increasing atmospheric carbon
dioxide concentrations are thought to stimulate plant primary productivity.
Increased carbon dioxide and ozone levels can both lead to stomatal clo-
sure, which reduces the uptake of either gas, and in turn limits the damag-
ing effect of ozone and the carbon dioxide fertilization of photosynthesis
(Sitch et al., 2007).
Regional climate changes take place depending on geographic position
on Earth and damage to environment and carbon emission in that part.
Countries with tropical climate near equator are facing different types of
problems than temperate climate countries away from equator.
The climate changes due to global effects in temperature and CO
2
rise
will be further aggravated by deforestation at local levels. Vegetation of
bushes, trees and other plants play important and positive role in preserv-
ing microclimate and protecting from extremes of temperature, wind ve-
locity, rains and solar intensity. With these positive effects, vegetation and
forests actually are blessings of nature to mankind. Horticultural and fruit
production is protected with such vegetation around orchards or on open
lands, waste lands and road sides.
15.3 BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE/GLOBAL
WARMING
Increased CO
2
is likely to increase photosynthetic output thus increasing
yields in some crops. There will be qualitative improvement also in fruit
quality in temperate and subtropical regions with rising temperature due to
increased sugar accumulation and early maturity.
15.3.1 EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FRUITS
Maximum effect of rising temperatures and lower relative humidity will
be on perishable horticultural produce. Storage life and shelf life of the
