Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
8.3.8 MITIGATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE
The strategies for mitigation nitrous oxide and carbon di oxide in veg-
etable cultivation would be to reduce nitrous oxide emission is site-
specific, efficient nutrient management. The emission could also be
reduced by nitrification inhibitors such as nitrapyrin and dicyandiamide
(DCD). There are some plant-derived organics such as neem oil, neem
cake and karanja seed extract which can also act as nitrification inhibi-
tors. Mitigation of CO 2 emission from agriculture can be achieved by
increasing carbon sequestration in soil through manipulation of
soil moisture and temperature, setting aside surplus agricultural land,
and restoration of soil carbon on degraded lands. Soil management prac-
tices such as reduced tillage, manuring, residue incorporation, improv-
ing soil biodiversity, micro aggregation, and mulching can play
important roles in sequestering carbon in soil. Some technologies
such as intermittent drying, site-specific N management, etc. can be easily
adopted by the farmers without additional investment, whereas other
technologies need economic incentives and policy support (Was-
smann and Pathak, 2007).
8.3.9 ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE
To deal with the impact of climate change, the potential adaptation
strategies are: developing cultivars tolerant to heat and salinity stress and
resistant to flood and drought, modifying crop management practic-
es, improving water management, adopting new farm techniques
such as resource conserving technologies (RCTs), crop diversifica-
tion, improving pest management, better weather forecasting and crop
insurance and harnessing the indigenous technical knowledge of farmers.
Some of these strategies are discussed in the following sections.
8.3.10. GENERAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR CLIMATE
CHANGE
8.3.10.1 DEVELOPING CLIMATE-READY CROPS
Development of new crop varieties with higher yield potential and re-
sistance to multiple stresses (drought, flood, salinity) will be the key to
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