Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Ta b l e 8 - 2 6
IP Address Allocation in a Large Site
Function
IP Subnet
Vo i c e V L A N 3
10.64.22.0/24
Vo i c e V L A N 4
10.64.23.0/24
Wireless VLAN 1
10.64.24.0/24
Wireless VLAN 2
10.64.25.0/24
Wireless VLAN 3
10.64.26.0/24
Wireless VLAN 4
10.64.27.0/24
Reserved
10.64.28.0/24
Reserved
10.64.29.0/24
Router/switch loopbacks
10.64.30.0/24
P2P links, misc.
10.64.31.0/24
Device network configuration parameters such as IP addresses, subnet masks, default
gateways, and DNS server IP addresses can be assigned statically by the administrator or
dynamically by DHCP or BOOTP servers. You should statically assign most shared net-
work systems, such as routers and servers, but dynamically assign most client systems like
end-user PCs and laptops. This section covers the protocols you use to dynamically assign
IP address parameters to a host, which are the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) and the Dy-
namic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This section also covers Domain Name Sys-
tem (DNS) and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), which are two significant protocols in
IP networks. DNS maps domain names to IP addresses, and ARP resolves IP addresses to
MAC addresses. These protocols are important in TCP/IP networks because they simplify
the methods of address assignment and resolution.
Recommended Practices of IP Address Assignment
IP addresses can be assigned statically (manual configuration) or dynamically:
Use static IP address assignment for network infrastructure devices.
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Use dynamic IP address assignment for end user devices.
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Use static IP address assignment for routers, switches, access points, printers, and servers
statically. These static IP addresses are assigned in the network infrastructure, data center
modules, and in modules of the enterprise edge and WAN. You need to manage and moni-
tor these systems, so you must access them via a stable IP address.
Yo u s h o u l d d y n a m i c a l l y a s s i g n e n d - c l i e n t w o r k s t a t i o n s t o r e d u c e t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n t a s k s
required to connect these systems to the network. Cisco IP phones and mobile devices are
