Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
There are also other ways and methods of using photovoltaics technology on the
roads, e.g. lighting the road using the LED supplied with solar energy [
15
]. It is
worth mentioning that lighting of roads improves the safety of traf
c participants
signi
cantly.
Photovoltaic systems are economic and environment friendly solutions both at
locations where connection to the existing power grid is impossible and in towns
where such connections happen to be costly. Road signs supplied with solar energy
provide good visibility even from long distances and during bad weather condi-
tions. They also allow signage of every high risk location on the road [
16
].
Photovoltaics also has other applications in road infrastructure devices.
Increasingly frequently we can see point objects supplied with solar energy i.e.:
parking fee collection points, street
lamps or lighting of pedestrian crossings.
Photovoltaic panels
applications in Poland could be observed the most frequently
along national roads and motorways, in most cases in places of roads modernisation
or construction, places with particular hindrances to traf
'
c, etc.
Location photovoltaic panels along the public roads can have a huge role in
education
will get used to the new billowing RES and persuade and encourage
prosumers to install photovoltaic systems in the future.
—
4 Photovoltaics Use on Roads Administered by GDDKiA
Branch in Olsztyn
A study of transport system development and the status of development may and
should use the potential of spatial information systems in the areas of both dat-
abases and analysis and modelling tools. Within both the
first and the second area it
is worth to take into consideration both the known base solutions and new, com-
plementary techniques and data sources [
17
].
Within the area of Warmi
sko-Mazurskie voivodship, General Directorate of
National Roads and Motorways administers sections of express roads S7, S22 and
S61 as well as sections of national roads number: 15, 16, 51, 54, 58, 59, 63 and 65.
Currently there are no motorways in the area of the region. On the Governing
GDDKiA in Olsztyn total is 1300, 343 km of national roads. The distribution and
technical classes of national roads in the region are presented in Fig.
1
and Table
1
.
During the recent time, construction works in Warmi
ń
sko-Mazurskie voivodship
were carried out on 88 km of national roads of which construction of the express
roads S7 (61 km) and S51 (6 km) involved 67 km. The works were carried out on
two sections: Pas
ń
łę
k
—
Mi
ł
om
ł
yn with the length of ca. 37 and 31 km section
—
Olsztynek
Nidzica including Olsztynek bypass on the road S51. Those projects
were co-
nanced by the European Union within the framework of the Operational
Programme Infrastructure and Environment. Funds of the same Programme are also
applied for the 8.2 km section of the national road number 16 from Biskupiec to
Borki Wielkie.
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