Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 2.7 Scanning electron microscope image of Bioglass particles with similar
morphology and size range as PerioGlas and NovaBone products. Scale bar is
200
μ
m.
The vast majority of human clinical trials on Bioglass have been
performed using PerioGlas ® , which is a particulate for periodontal
tissue repair. Figure 2.7 shows an electron microscope image of Bioglass
particles that are used in PerioGlas. Surgeons usually mix the particles
with blood from the defect so that the powder becomes a putty-like
material that can be pushed into the defect. The blood also acts to
introduce cells and natural growth factors into the defect to further
promote regeneration. In comparative studies, PerioGlas performed as
good as, or better than, the following controls: open debridement [23],
allograft [24], membrane and HA [25]. A number of other dental
and maxillofacial clinical studies have shown positive results, with the
bioactive glass promoting remineralisation at the defect site, including
repair of orbital floors beneath the eye and sinus floors.
NovaBone ® (NovaBone Products LLC, USA) is a particulate very
similar to PerioGlas that is approved for orthopaedic bone defect repair
(see Figure 2 in colour section). It is also available in a putty form, where
the particles are dispersed in a putty-like matrix. A slight modification of
the Bioglass composition called BonAlive ® (Vivoxid, Finland) has been
developed in Finland as a bone graft substitute [19]. StronBone is another
particulate similar to NovaBone, except that it contains some strontium,
which is slowly released from the glass after implantation. Bioglass has
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