Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 11.4
Scanning electron micrographs of (a) untreated and (b-d) treated
human dentin: (b) immediately after, (c) one day after and (d) five days after
application of bioactive glass in artificial saliva. (Scale bar
m.) (Adapted with
permission from [10]. Copyright (2011) Professional Audience Communications
Inc.)
=
1
μ
powdered bioactive glass. The glass dissolves high concentrations of
calcium and phosphate ions in close vicinity of the dentine tubules over
the time needed for the ions to diffuse as deep as possible into the
tubules. Then the ions nucleate, thus creating HA crystals that occlude
and strengthen the tubules before the permanent filling of the cavity.
11.6 BIOACTIVE GLASS COATING ON METAL
IMPLANTS
The use of glasses as solid implants and prostheses in load-bearing
applications is limited by the inherent brittleness of glasses. Most dental
implants are shaped like screws or cylinders made out of pure titanium
or titanium alloys. In general, metal does not bond to tissue and thus
metal is fixed mechanically or through bone cements to the bone.
Achieving osteointegration, a stable attachment to the bone, can be
