Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
3
Analysis and characterisation of biogas
feedstocks
BERNHARDDROSG, RUDOLF BRAUN,
GU
¨
NTHER BOCHMANN,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria and
TEODOR I TA AL SAEDI , B IOSANTECH , Denmark
DOI: 10.1533/9780857097415.1.52
Abstract: The abundance and variety of possible feedstocks for biogas
plants necessitate detailed characterisation and evaluation of specific
feedstock types. Feedstock characterisation requires reliable feedstock
analysis. This chapter describes in detail the different feedstock analysis
methodologies. The following essential analyses are described in detail:
pH, total solids/dry matter, volatile solids/organic dry matter, chemical
oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and
biochemical methane potential. Additional analyses on biogas feedstocks
are described, including total organic carbon, trace element analysis,
sulphur, phosphorous and continuous anaerobic fermentation tests.
Important details for feedstock evaluation are described. Firstly, different
approaches for estimating a realistic energy recovery potential are laid
out. Secondly, the effect of the carbon oxidation state in a feedstock on
methane concentration in the produced biogas is described. Thirdly, the
availability of macro- and micronutrients is estimated and a short
summary of possible inhibitory or toxic components in biogas feedstocks
is given.
Key words: biogas, anaerobic digestion, feedstock analysis, feedstock
characterisation.
3.1 Introduction
There are many organic materials available in significant quantities that can
be used as feedstock for anaerobic digestion, such as waste fractions,
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