Analysis and characterisation of biogas feedstocks - The Biogas: Science, Production and Applications - page 80

3.7 Sources of further information and advice

Normatives and operating procedures are very important sources of
information for carrying out biogas feedstock analysis. Table 3.2 gives a
concise overview of the relevant standards and methods.

Table 3.2 Overview of relevant methods of analysis for the characterisation of
biogas feedstocks

Analysis Standard Title

Sample
taking

VDI 4630 Fermentation of organic materials -
Characterisation of the substrate, sampling,
collection of material data, fermentation tests
ISO 5667-13 Water quality - sampling - Part 13: Guidance on
sampling of sludges from sewage and water
treatment works
pH value EN 12176 Characterisation of sludge - Determination of pH
value
APHA 4500-H+ B pH value Electrometric method
TS/DM EN 12880 Characterisation of sludges - Determination of dry

residue and water content

C
VS/ODM EN 12879 Characterisation of sludges - Determination of the
loss on ignition of dry mass
APHA 2540 E Fixed and volatile solids ignited at 5508C
COD DIN 38 414 (S9) German standard methods for the examination of
water, wastewater and sludge; sludge and
sediments (group S); determination of the chemical
oxygen demand (COD) (S9)
APHA 5220 B Chemical oxygen demand (COD) - Open reflux
method
TKN ISO 5663 Water quality - Determination of Kjeldahl Nitrogen
- method after mineralisation with selenium
ISO 11261 Soil quality - Determination of total nitrogen -
Modified Kjeldahl method
APHA 4500-N org B Nitrogen (organic) - Macro-Kjeldahl method
NH 4 -N DIN 38 406 (E5) German standard methods for the examination of
water, wastewater and sludge; cations (group E)
determination of ammonia-nitrogen (E5)
APHA 4500-NH 3 B Nitrogen (ammonia) - Preliminary distillation step
APHA 4500-NH 3 C Nitrogen (ammonia) - Titrimetric method
APHA 4500-NH 3 F Nitrogen (ammonia) - Phenate method

APHA 2540 B Total solids dried at 103-105 8

￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿

S ISO 11885 Water quality - Determination of 33 elements by

inductively coupled plasma atomic emission
spectroscopy

P EN 13346 Characterisation of sludges - Determination of

trace elements and phosphorous - Aqua regia
extraction methods
DIN 38 414 (S12) German standard methods for the examination of