Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
presented a very simple “stone-soup” model showing that division of la-
bor and what looks like coordinated behavior inescapably emerge from
group living because individuals vary in their response sensitivities to
stimuli or have dif erent probabilities of encountering them. h en I pre-
sented an “avalanche of hard data,” to borrow a phrase from the author of
the foreward of this topic, showing how the assumptions of the stone-
soup model were wrong in details. But the model was useful for discus-
sion of how we can get more complex behavior. Response thresholds can
vary among individuals as a result of dif erences in individual experi-
ences, dif erences in developmental states, or genetic variation. In Chap-
ter 3, I will show how honey bee colonies contain a tremendous amount of
genetic variation and how genotype af ects the response thresholds and
behavior of individual workers and colonies.
Suggested Reading
Calderone, N. W. 1995. Temporal division of labor in the honey bee,
Apis
mellifera:
A developmental process or the result of environmental inl uences?
Canadian J. Zool.
73:1410-1416.
Calderone, N. W., and Johnson, B. R. 2002. h e within-nest behaviour of
honeybee pollen foragers in colonies with a high or low need for pollen.
Anim. Behav.
63:749-758.
Calderone, N. W., and Page, R. E. 1992. Ef ects of interactions among genotypi-
cally diverse nestmates on task specialization by foraging honeybees
(Apis
mellifera)
.
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
30:219-226.
Calderone, N. W., and Page, R. E. 1996. Temporal polyethism and behavioural
canalization in the honey bee,
Apis mellifera. Anim. Behav.
51:631-643.
Dreller, C., Page, R. E., and Fondrk, M. K. 1999. Regulation of pollen foraging in
honeybee colonies: Ef ects of young brood, stored pollen, and empty space.
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
45:227-233.
Dreller, C., and Tarpy, D. R. 2000. Perception of the pollen need by foragers in a
honeybee colony.
Anim. Behav.
59:91-96.
Erber, J., Hoormann, J., and Scheiner, R. Phototactic behaviour correlates with
gustatory responsiveness in honey bees (
Apis mellifera
L.).
Behav. Brain Res.
174:174- 180.
Farina, W. M., Grüter, C., Acosta, L., and McCabe, S. 2007. Honeybees learn
l oral odors while receiving nectar from foragers within the hive.
Naturwis-
senschat en
94:55-60.
