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may also place it in cells for processing and storage), who in turn pass the
nectar to others in the nest. h erefore, each individual in the network of
nectar transmission is a node for receiving and transmitting nectar and
information. Dhurba Naug tracked the distribution of nectar in a hive
and showed the asymmetries of distribution (Figure 2.15). Some individu-
als experience more receiving interactions than others, while others have
more transmission interactions. He also showed that nectar l ows through
Figure 2.15.
Directed and weighted contact networks of interactions of worker
honey bees in a nest. Each node (worker) is represented by a circle corresponding
to a particular age class. Dif erent shades of circles represent dif erent age classes
of bees. h e connection between two nodes is represented by an arrow. h e
direction and thickness of the arrow correspond to the direction of l ow and the
total duration of contact, respectively. Note that the layout of the nodes does not
represent their actual spatial locations in the colony. With kind permission from
Springer Science+Business Media: “Structure of the social network and its
inl uence on transmission dynamics in a honeybee colony,”
Behavioral Ecology
and Sociobiology
62(11), 2008, 1719-1725, Naug D., Fig. 1.
