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Fig. 8
Oligo(vinyl alcohol)-based surfactant (
top
) used in templating CdTe semiconduct-
ing films (TEM,
bottom
) by electrodeposition from an H
I
LLC phase. Reproduced with
permission from [48]. © 2005 by Wiley-VCH
the alignment of the LLC template. In the absence of AOT, only micrometer-
sized Ag particles were observed. Similarly, AOT in the reverse hexagonal
phase was used to template Cu
2+
ions from which Cu
2
O nanowires were elec-
trodeposited [51]. In both cases, there is some question as to the templating
mechanism, since the rods are larger than the aqueous domains formed by
the LLC phase.
2.3
Templated Nanoparticle Synthesis
Similarly, LLCs can aid in the control of nanoparticle synthesis. The major-
ity of this literature involves dilute, microemulsion surfactant conditions (see
review, [52]). However, there are still numerous examples of these particles
synthesized in the condensed phases of LLCs. When LLCs are employed,
analogous to the formation of metal nanowires and lattices, the inorganic pre-
cursors (e.g., M
n
+
ions) are reduced and solidified. The LLC network provides
nano-confinement and nano-control over the diffusion of ions. There are two
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