Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
2. Minimization of dependence for external inputs.
3. Optimum Utilization of farm resource.
4. Efficient use of natural resources sunlight, water and land, etc.
The major production systems in agriculture sector are as under:
1. Arable farming system
2. Horticultural production system
3. Ago forestry production system
4. Livestock based farming system
5. Aqua production system (Fish production)
6. Pastoral production system
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has delineated the
country into 20 agro-ecoregions (AER) and 60 agro-eco subregions
(AERS) using criteria of soils, physiography, bio-climate (climate, crops,
vegetation) and length of growing period. ICAR under National Agricul-
tural Technology Project (NATP) has identified five major agro-ecosys-
tems, within each of the major ecosystem 2-4 different production sys-
tems, which require support in an interdisciplinary mode responsive to
farmer's specific needs, were identified.
TABLE 4.1
Different Production Systems within the Five Major Agro-Ecosystems
Major Ecosystems
Production Systems
1. Arid Agro-Ecosystem
(i) Agri-silvi-horti-pastoral production system
(ii) Livestock and fish production system
2. Coastal Agro-Ecosystem
(i) Fish and livestock production system
(ii) Agri-horti production system
3. Hill and Mountain
(i) Agri-horti production system
(ii) Livestock and fish production system
4. Irrigated Agro-Ecosystem
(i) Rice-wheat production system
(ii) Cotton based production system
(iii) Sugarcane based production system
(iv) Dairying and fish production system
5. Rainfed Agro-Ecosystem
(i) Arable farming system
(ii) Agroforestry production system
(iii) Livestock based farming system
