Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
governing the soil fertility dynamics ( Table 11.2 ) . The maximum number
of colonies of Bacillus mycoides (8-9 × 10 3 cfu g -1 soil) was observed
during September month in a air temperature range of 21.7-32.3°C and
soil temperature of 27.6-29.5°C with a relative humidity of 82.7-88.7%,
irrespective of orchard site, though both the orchard sites different con-
siderably in the agropedolgical setup. While maximum colonies of Pseu-
domonas fluorescens (10 × 10 3 cfu g -1 soil) was observed during January
month with air temperature range of 11.2-27.3°C and soil temperature of
23.0-23.5°C. The maxima for colonies of Bacillus polymyxa (10-25 × 10 3
cfu g -1 ) and Bacillus licheniformis , (12 × 10 3 cfu g -1 ) was observed during
December month having air temperature range of 11.7-35.0°C and soil
temperature range of 19.2-29.6°C with relative humidity of 53.6-78.8%.
Similarly, during the same December month, the maximum colony of Azo-
tobacter chroococcum (18-24 × 10 3 cfu g -1 soil) and Trichoderma harzia-
num (18-22 × 10 3 cfu g -1 soil) was observed. But, with regard to Tricho-
derma harzianum , at site 1 December witnessed the maximum colony (22
× 10 3 cfu g -1 soil). Interestingly, the colonies of most of the microbial spe-
cies declined sharply towards March witnessing higher air as well a soil
temperature with substantially much reduced relative humidity.
11.6
CLIMATE VERSUS NUTRIENT DYNAMICS
Climate induced variation in soil temperature has shown strong influ-
ence on nutrient dynamics. The soil properties such as soil pH and EC,
remained unaffected by any changes in climatic features. However, dy-
namics of nutrient availability, both macro as well as micronutrients were
considerably unaffected by maximum air temperature, relative humidity
and soil temperature ( Table 11.3 ). KMnO 4 -N in soil at both the sites up
to November month showed no changes, but thereafter, it increased to
128.8 mg kg -1 at Pipla and 126.3 mg kg -1 at Jarud with the rise in soil
temperature from 19.2 to 34.5°C and from 29.6 to 30.7°C, respectively,
corresponding to reduction in NH 4 OAc-K from 202.3-191.4 mg kg -1 and
from 198.7 to 176.1 mg kg -1 although with a any distinct relation between
these climate-soil parameters versus Olsen-P. On the other hand, with re-
gard to DTPA-extractable micronutrients, except DTPA-Fe, none of the
micronutrients like Mn, Cu and Zn displayed any visible relation with any
of the soil-climatic parameters.
 
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