Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
15
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
Determining the
Density and Unit
Weight of Soil in
Place by the Rubber-
Balloon Method
(Referenced Document: ASTM D 2167)
The necessity for finding the density and unit weight of soil in place was
mentioned in the introduction to Chapter 14, which presented the
sand-cone method for determining in-place density and unit weight. The
rubber-balloon method differs from the sand-cone method primarily in
the manner in which the volume of soil removed from the ground or
compacted fill is determined.
INTRODUCTION
Balloon apparatus: a calibrated vessel designed to contain a liquid
within a relatively thin, flexible, elastic membrane (rubber balloon)
for measuring the volume of the test hole (see Figures 15-1 and 15-2)
Base plate (see Figures 15-1 and 15-2)
Balances: one with a 20-kg capacity and accuracy to 1.0 g, and one
with a 500-g capacity and accuracy to 0.1 g
Drying equipment: calcium carbide gas pressure tester or oven, or
other suitable equipment for drying moisture content samples
Digging tools: chisels, hammers, picks, and spoons
Miscellaneous equipment: suitable containers for retaining density/
unit weight samples and moisture samples
APPARATUS
AND SUPPLIES
213
 
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