Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 10-1
Required Minimum Amount Retained on No. 10 Sieve [1]
Nominal Diameter of
Approximate Minimum
Largest Particles [in. (mm)]
Mass of Portion (g)
⁄
8
3
(9.5)
500
⁄
4
3
(19.0)
1,000
1
(25.4)
2,000
1
1
⁄
2
(38.1)
3,000
2
(50.8)
4,000
3
(76.2)
5,000
2. The required amount passing through the No. 10 sieve should be ap-
proximately 115 g for sandy soils and approximately 65 g for silty
and clayey soils.
The separation of soil on the No. 10 sieve should be accomplished
by dry sieving and washing. The sample remaining on the No. 10 sieve
after washing should be oven-dried and weighed. With the weight re-
tained on the No. 10 sieve known, as well as the weight of the original
sample, both the percentage retained on, and the percentage passing
through, the No. 10 sieve can be calculated.
The portion retained on the No. 10 sieve is tested for grain-size distribu-
tion by passing the sample through a number of sieves of different size
openings. The sieves are stacked in order, with the sieve with the largest
size opening at the top. The sieves should be agitated, preferably by
mechanical means, over a period of time. When the sieving operation has
been completed, the weight of the soil particles retained on each sieve is
determined, from which the percentage passing each sieve can be computed.
The actual step-by-step procedure is as follows (ASTM D 422-63
(Reapproved 2002) [1]):
PROCEDURE FOR
SIEVE ANALYSIS
OF PORTION
RETAINED ON
NO. 10 SIEVE
(1) Separate the portion retained on the No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve
into a series of fractions using the 3-in. (75-mm), 2-in. (50-mm),
1
1
⁄
2
-in. (38.1-mm), 1-in (25.0-mm),
3
⁄
4
-in. (19.0-mm),
3
⁄
8
-in. (9.5-mm),
No. 4 (4.75-mm), and No. 10 sieves, or as many as may be needed
depending on the sample, or upon the specifications for the mate-
rial under test.
(2) Conduct the sieving operation by means of a lateral and verti-
cal motion of the sieve, accompanied by a jarring action in order to
keep the sample moving continuously over the surface of the sieve.
In no case turn or manipulate fragments in the sample through the
sieve by hand. Continue sieving until not more than 1 mass percent
of the residue on a sieve passes that sieve during 1 min of sieving.
When mechanical sieving is used, test the thoroughness of sieving
by using the hand method of sieving as described above.
(3) Determine the mass of each fraction on a balance. At the end of
weighing, the sum of the masses retained on all sieves used should
equal closely the original mass of the quantity sieved.
Search WWH ::
Custom Search