Database Reference
In-Depth Information
Application
Area
Examples of
Mining Functions
Mining
Processes
Mining
Techniques
Credit card frauds
Determination of
variations from norms
Data Visualization
Fraud Detection
Internal audits
Memory-based
Reasoning
Warehouse pilferage
Credit card upgrades
Detection and analysis
of links
Decision Trees
Risk Assessment
Mortgage Loans
Memory-based
Reasoning
Customer Retention
Neural Network
Credit Ratings
Market basket analysis
Predictive Modeling
Cluster Detection
Market Analysis
Target marketing
Decision Trees
Cross selling
Database segmentation
Link Analysis
Customer Relationship
Marketing
Genetic Algorithms
Figure 20-22
Data mining functions and application areas.
For more detailed study of any trends that pique your interest, please consult the
appropriate literature. A few of the topics mentioned in the Reference section will
give you more information.
Parallel Databases
During the past decade, we have observed the emergence of parallel databases
as a significant phenomenon. Several commercial vendors have established the
feasibility of splitting large queries and running them in parallel modes. If you look
at transaction processing at every organization, the enormous surge in the number
and complexity of transactions becomes clear. The last 10-15 years has also experi-
enced a great demand for decision support systems. These systems thrive on complex,
multidimensional queries on large data sets. Without parallel hard-ware systems and
parallel database software, decision support systems cannot be effective.
Parallel databases run on parallel hardware infrastructure. Three types of paral-
lel architecture are commonly adopted, as illustrated by Figure 20-23.
Shared Memory
Each CPU has full access to the shared memory. Multiple CPUs are intercon-
nected through a common network bus.
Shared Disk
Each CPU or a cluster of CPUs in a node has its own local main memory.
Memory is not shared among CPUs. Communication occurs over a high-speed
bus. Each node has access to the common set of disks.
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