Database Reference
In-Depth Information
Database
Administrator
MAINTENANCE & GROWTH
Programmer/
Analyst
Systems
Analyst
IMPLEMENTATION &
DEPLOYMENT
Data
Modeler
Database
Designer
DESIGN
User
Representatives
REQUIREMENTS
DEFINITION
Data
Analyst
Business
Analyst
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Senior
Management
PLANNING
Figure 4-6
DDLC phases: participation of users and practitioners.
the information technology department of an organization. User participation,
involvement, and acceptance of responsibility will result in a successful database
system.
Roles of Database Practitioners
Now let us bring out the cast of characters.
Who are the database practitioners and what are their roles? What are the phases
in which they perform the tasks of design and development? These questions are
best answered by means of two figures.
First, Figure 4-6 relates database practitioners and users to the phases where they
are most active in fulfilling assigned tasks. Note how some practitioners participate
in more than one phase.
Next, Figure 4-7 separates out design and development into data and process
areas. In each of the two areas, practitioners and users assume specific roles. Note
the types of activities in the two areas and some of the techniques adopted for per-
forming the activities.
Management and Control
We have discussed information as a key resource for modern organizations. You
have understood that the success and sometimes the very survival of many organi-
zations rest on the information obtained from their database systems. Almost all of
today's organizations depend on their database systems to run their day-to-day
business. Because the database system is an indispensable resource, it has to be
managed with utmost care and attention. Organizations must manage and control
how their database systems provide storage of information, how they are accessed,
and who may access data.
In the effort to manage and control this key resource, organizations face a few
new challenges. These challenges are new and different because the management
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