Mammary development - The Gestating and Lactating Sow - page 76

Table 4.1. Effects of various treatments imposed to growing gilts on their mammary development at puberty
or at the end of gestation.

Treatment 1

Significant effects on Reference

Lack of estrogen and relaxin post-puberty ↓ parenchymal cross-section area Winn et al. (1994)

Prolactin injections for 29 days as of 75 kg BW ↑ parenchymal mass and DNA Farmer and Palin (2005)

Feeding genistein from 90 to 183 days of age ↑ parenchymal DNA Farmer et al. (2010a)

Feeding 10% flaxseed from 88 to 212 days of age - Farmer et al. (2007)

14.4 vs. 18.7% dietary CP from 90 to 202 days of age - Farmer et al. (2004)

34% feed restriction from 28 to 90 days of age - Sorensen et al. (2006)

20% feed restriction from 90 to 202 days of age ↓ parenchymal mass Farmer et al. (2004)

26% feed restriction from 90 to 170 days of age ↓ parenchymal mass Sorensen et al. (2006)

Restricting growth from 9 to 12 and 15 to 20 weeks of age: effect in
gestation

↓ parenchymal mass Lyvers-Peffer and

Rozeboom (2001)

Feed restriction then over-feeding inprepuberty: effect at puberty ↓ parenchymal mass Farmer et al. (2012a)

Feed restriction then over-feeding in prepuberty: effect in gestation Tendency to ↓ % protein in parenchyma Farmer et al. (2012b)

1 Effects on glands collected on the last day of treatment unless mentioned otherwise.

Table 4.2. Effects of various treatments imposed to gestating gilts on their mammary development or that of
their offspring.

Treatment 1

Significant effects on Reference

Inhibition of relaxin from days 80 to 110 ↓ parenchymal cross-section area Hurley et al. (1991)

GRF injections from day 100 of gestation to 29 of lactation ↓ parenchymal mass,

↑ parenchymal DNA

Farmer et al. (1997)

Inhibition of prolactin from days 70 to 110 ↓ parenchymal mass, DNA, RNA and %

protein

Farmer et al. (2000)

Inhibition of prolactin from days 90 to 110 ↓ parenchymal mass and % protein Farmer and Petitclerc (2003)

Feeding 4 g twice daily of the plant extract silymarin from days 90
to 110

- Farmer et al. (2014)

Feeding 10% flaxseed from day 63 of gestation to end of lactation:
effect on offspring at puberty

↑ parenchymal mass Farmer and Palin (2008)

Feeding 10.5 vs. 5.76 Mcal ME/d from days 75 to 105 ↓ parenchymal mass and DNA Weldon et al. (1991)

Feeding 330 vs. 216 g crude protein/d from days 75 to 105 - Weldon et al. (1991)

Feeding 16 vs. 4 g/d of lysine from days 25 to 105 - Kusina et al. (1999)

Feed restriction then over-feeding: effect in gestation ↓ parenchymal mass Farmer et al. (2014)

Feed restriction then over-feeding: effect in lactation - Farmer et al. (2014b)

1 Effects on glands collected on the last day of treatment unless mentioned otherwise.