Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.2. Recommended dietary levels of energy, key amino acids, calcium and phosphorus for gestating
sows (90% feed dry matter content).
1
Parity
1
2
3
4+
Body weight at breeding (kg)
140
165
185
205
205
230
Anticipated litter size
12.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
15.5
13.5
Anticipated gestation weight gain (kg)
65
60
52.5
40
45
40
Days of gestation
<90
>90
<90
>90
<90
>90
<90
>90
<90
>90
<90
>90
Estimated feed intake + 5% feed
wastage (kg/d)
2.13
2.53
2.21
2.61
2.21
2.61
2.05
2.45
2.08
2.48
2.21
2.61
Effective ME (kcal/kg)
2
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
NE (kcal/kg)
2
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
2,518
SID lysine (%)
3
0.57
0.76
0.48
0.67
0.41
0.58
0.35
0.53
0.36
0.55
0.34
0.50
SID methionine (%)
0.17
0.22
0.13
0.19
0.11
0.17
0.10
0.14
0.10
0.15
0.09
0.14
SID methionine + cysteine (%)
0.37
0.50
0.32
0.44
0.29
0.40
0.25
0.36
0.26
0.39
0.24
0.35
SID threonine (%)
0.41
0.53
0.36
0.47
0.32
0.43
0.30
0.40
0.31
0.42
0.29
0.39
SID tryptophan (%)
0.10
0.14
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.12
0.08
0.11
0.08
0.12
0.07
0.11
SID isoleucine (%)
0.33
0.40
0.28
0.35
0.24
0.30
0.21
0.26
0.22
0.29
0.20
0.26
SID valine (%)
0.41
0.54
0.35
0.47
0.31
0.43
0.28
0.40
0.29
0.41
0.26
0.37
Total calcium (%)
0.67
0.91
0.59
0.86
0.54
0.79
0.51
0.78
0.51
0.82
0.50
0.75
STTD phosphorrus (%)
4
0.30
0.40
0.26
0.37
0.23
0.34
0.22
0.34
0.22
0.36
0.21
0.33
1
Values are derived from NRC (2012), but a 10% safety margin is added for amino acids, calcium and STTP phosphorus to account for inaccuracies
in feed preparation and in estimated sow performance levels.
2
Dietary energy contents relate to corn and soybean meal based diets. Effective metabolizable energy (ME) contents are calculated from net
energy (NE) contents using fixed conversion values for sows. For corn and soybean meal based diets the effective ME content is similar to the
actual ME content. The optimum dietary energy content varies with availability and cost of local ingredients. When using alternative ingredients,
it is suggested that diets be formulated based on NE contents and nutrient levels be adjusted to maintain constant nutrient-to-energy ratios.
3
SID = Standardized ileal digestible.
4
STTD = Standardized total tract digestible.
For lactating sows, litter growth rate, a proxy for milk production, is by far the most
important determinant of energy and feed requirements. In modern sows that produce
large amounts of milk, feed and energy intake should be maximized to minimize maternal
body weight losses during all stages of lactation.
