Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
400
0.6390
0.6080
0.5770
0.5460
0.5150
0.4840
0.4530
0.4220
0.3910
0.3600
0.3290
0.2980
0.2670
0.2360
0.2050
0.174 0
0.1430
0.1120
0.08100
0.05000
350
300
250
200
150
100
35
40
45 50
Temperature, °C
55
60
65
Figure 2.1 Percentage crude yield of wax of sugarcane bagasse at varying temperatures
and pressures.
Table 2.3
Group of compounds found in the wax of sugarcane bagasse and their applications
[42-49].
Wax group
Compounds
Applications
n -alkanes
C 23 -C 31
Semiochemicals
Primary alcohols
C 26 , C 28
Nutrient supplements, cosmetics
Long-chain aldehydes
C 26 , C 28
Food flavourings
Saturated fatty acids
C 16 , C 18
Cleaning compounds, lubricating
oils/grease, detergents
Unsaturated fatty acids
C 18.2 , C 18.3
Nutrient supplements
Wax esters
C 44 -C 54
Cosmetics, hard wax polishes,
lubricants, coatings, plasticers
Sterols
β -sitosterol, campesterol
Nutrient supplements
Andrenanigroaena in similar abundances. Gas chromatography-electroantenno-
graphic data indicate that a total of 14 compounds are present in the orchids which
are found in the attractive odour sample of female bees and which cause an
electroantennographic response in the antennae of males. Gas chromatography mass
spectrometry (GC-MS) data indicates that these compounds are saturated and unsat-
urated long-chain hydrocarbons have chain lengths which vary from C 21 to C 29 [44].
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