A Numerical Exploration of Transient Decay Mechanisms in Water Distribution Systems - Advances in Control and Automation of Water Systems - page 13

1.2.4 lABorAtory models
The model has been calibrated by water hammer Laboratory instrument. The model
specifications are shown in (Table 1.7) and (Figure 1.8a).

tABle 1.7 Laboratory Model Technical specifications.

Laboratory Model Technical specifications Notation Value Dimension

pipe diameter d 22 mm

surge tank cross section area A 1.521*10-³ m²

pipe cross section area a .3204*10-³ m²

pipe thickness t 0.9 mm

fluid density ρ 1000 kg/ m³

volumetric coefficient K 2.05 GN/ m²

fluid power P * *

fluid force F * *

friction loss hf * *

frequency W * *

fluid velocity ν * m/s

Max fluctuation Ymax * *

flow rate q * m³/s

pipe length L * m

period of motion T * *

Surge tank and reservoir elevation difference y * m

surge wave ve l ocity C * m/s

* Laboratory experiments and Field Tests results

1.3 results And discussion
The most important effects observed in Lab. and Field Tests is the influence of the rate
of discharge from local leak to total discharge in the pipeline to the values of period of
oscillations and wave celerity .
Research Field Tests Model (water pipeline of Rasht city in the north of Iran)

Software Hammer - Version 07.00.049.00
Type of Run: Full
Date of Run: 09/19/08
Time of Run: 04:47 am
Data File: E:\k-hariri Asli\ daraye nashti.inp
Hydrograph File: Not Selected
Labels: Short