An Efficient Accurate Shock-capturing Scheme for Modeling Water Hammer Flows - Advances in Control and Automation of Water Systems - page 119

6.4 conclusion
Rapidly closing or opening a valve causes pressure transients in pipelines, known as
water hammer. Valve closure can result in pressure well over the steady state values,
while valve opening can cause seriously low pressure, possibly so low that the flowing
liquid vaporizes inside the pipe. In this study it is assumed that air valves are located
at node J26-J9-J15-J17-J20-J28 while leakage location is an opened gate valve (Table
6.2-6.9). Flow changes from 3000 (l/s) down to Min. value of 2,750 (l/s) after 0.0295
(s) and after 4.9885 (s) by harmonic motion reached to 3,011 (l/s). Rate and location
of water leakage on water pipeline due to the water hammer pressure has been evalu-
ated by PLC. In order to be able to automatically control the water pipeline and surge
tank, GIS has detected rate and Geo reference location of water leakage from PLC. So
decreasing of UFW (as the main effect of water hammer disaster) has been showed by
practical way in present chapter.

KeyWords

• euler and continuity equations

• field tests

• geography information system

• method of characteristics

• Pressurized system

• Programmable logic control

• regression software

• unaccounted for water

references
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2. Streeter, V. L. and Wylie, E. B. (1979). Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill Ltd., USA, pp. 492-505.
3. Hariri, K (2007a). Decreasing of unaccounted for water “UFW” by Geographic Information Sys-
tem “GIS” in Rasht Urban Water System. Technical and Art. J. Civil Engineering Organization
of Gilan 38 , 3-7.
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ergetic works at research week. Tehran, Iran.
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works at research week. Tehran, Iran.