Theoretical Models of Time-Space: The Role of Transport Networks in the Shrinking and Shrivelling of Geographical Space - Methods for Multilevel Analysis and Visualisation of Geographical Networks - page 57

Seattle

Portland

Billings

Mineapolis Boston

Buffalo

Milwaukee

Detroit

New York

Chicago Cleveland

Philadelphia

Salt Lake City

Pittsburgh

Sacramento Omaha

C olumbus

San Francisco

Washington

Denver Indiana p olis Cincinnati

Kansas City

St Louis

Norfolk

Louisville

Las Vegas

Raleigh

Nashville

Los Angeles Charlotte

Oklahoma City

Albuquerque Memphis

San Diego Atlanta

Phoenix

Dallas

El Paso

Jacksonville

New Orleans

Houston

Or l ando

San Antonio

Tampa

Miami

Long-range air
600 kph
Short-range air
400 kph

Approximate time-scale:

0 1 2 hours

Dual-carriageway
100 kph

Angle of view:

Highway
70 kph

45°

Author: A. L'Hostis Université Paris-Est, LVMT, INRETS 2009

Fig. 4.3 High-speed by air versus lower speed by land: The shrivelling USA

the world ( Brunet , 1987 ). Recently, in the domain of theoretical geography, Forer
has developed the principle of time-space contraction ( Forer , 1978 ).
Nevertheless, prominent criticisms of the contraction model have been made by
Kirsch stating that “space is not “shrinking” but must rather be perpetually recast”