Environmental Engineering Reference
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(a)
P max
Fracture
Strain
(b)
Brittle
Ductile
B
B
A
C
Strain
C
1. 2 (a) Typical stress vs strain curve under unaixial loading and
(b) ductile vs brittle materials.
￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿
Fracture
Primary
I
Secondary
II
Te r t i a r y
III
ε 0
Time, t
1. 3 Typical creep curve.
 
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