Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Top 10 Historical
Figures
! Emperor Moctezuma II
(1466-1520)
Expanded the Aztec empire.
The Spanish captured him in a
battle and later killed him.
The Storming of Chapultepec, 1847
@ Hernán Cortés
& War of Reform
(1485-1547)
His successful invasion of
Mexico began the Spanish
colonization of the Americas.
Mexico's most loved leader,
Benito Juárez, came to power in
1855. He enacted laws that res-
tricted the power of the Church.
A bitter war ensued, and finally
in 1861 the liberals won and
Juárez was elected President.
* The Maximillian Affair
£ La Malinche
(1496-1529)
The indigenous woman who
accompanied Cortés as inter-
preter and advisor (see p90) .
$ Miguel Hidalgo y
Costilla (1753-1811)
A priest, he is famous for his
call to arms for independence.
% Santa Anna
In 1863, a French army
invaded Mexico and the brief rule
of Austrian Emperor Maximilian I
began before he was deposed
and executed in 1867. In those
four years he remodelled the
Castillo de Chapultepec (see
pp24-5) and built the boulevard,
today called Paseo de la Reforma
(see pp74-7) . After the Republic
was restored, Juárez returned to
power until his death in 1872.
( Mexican Revolution
(1794-1876)
Mexican military leader
and 11 time president - the
last in 1853.
^ Benito Juárez
(1806-72)
The most loved president, he
restored the republic and
modernized Mexico.
& Emperor Maximilian I
(1832-67)
From Austria's imperial family,
he briefly became Emperor in
1864 before being executed.
* Porfirio Díaz
Dictator Porfirio Díaz came
to power in 1872. Authoritarian
yet visionary, he modernized the
education and transportation
systems. But the divide between
rich and poor increased, and
when the Díaz government
annulled the 1910 victory by
opponent Francisco I. Madero,
the Mexican Revolution began.
) Twentieth Century Growth
(1830-1915)
Army general and president,
he initiated many reforms and
modernized Mexico.
( Pancho Villa
(1878-1923)
Mexican folk hero, he was
one of the foremost leaders
of the Mexican Revolution.
) Francisco I. Madero
and Reform
The Revolution ended with Álvaro
Obregón taking control in 1920.
Under the ensuing stable
government, Mexico flourished
and its capital grew exponentially,
and it continues to grow today.
(1873-1913)
A politician, he opposed the
rule of Porfirio Díaz but was
soon deposed and executed.
39
Many public buildings of Centro Histórico were Church properties
re-purposed or rebuilt after the War of Reforms (1857-61)
 
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