Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Taking into account solid gain initial rate (Figure 7) it showed to positively influenced by
solute concentrations. It can be seen that solutes have synergetic effect, which could be
expected due to increase of solution osmotic pressure. The increasing of sucrose
concentration without presence of salt resulted in slight increase of solid gain initial rate and
in the presence of the salt this increase was slowed down further. Small amounts of sodium
chloride (up to 4%, w/w) did not affect solid gain initial rate significantly, even slight
decrease of rate value can be found. Additional rise of sodium chloride concentration
increased solid gain initial rate significantly probably due to fact that small NaCl molecules
can diffuse deep inside the cell.
The effects of sucrose and sodium chloride concentration on the solid gain at equilibrium
are given in Figure 8. The increasing of sucrose concentration led to the decrease of solid gain
at equilibrium values. This conclusion is the same as for sucrose only osmotic solutions. The
reason for this behavior of the system can be found in sucrose crust creation at cytoplasmic
membrane that in return limits the diffusion of salt into the tissue, especially, at high sucrose
concentrations with high viscosity. On the other hand, influence of the increasing sodium
chloride concentrations was more complex. Sodium chloride concentrations up to 4%, w/w
resulted in increased solid gain at equilibrium, whilst concentrations above it resulted in its
decrease. The reason for this can be found in the fact that small salt molecules can diffuse
deeper inside the cell and provoke release of water from inside the cell, in this manner water
loss is increased (Figure 6.) and the equilibrium is reached through intense water loss rather
than solid gain.
Figure 8. Effects of sucrose and sodium chloride concentration on solid gain at equilibrium.
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ONCLUSION
Temperature had a positive influence on the mass transfer, but at sugar found to
temperature should not exceed 50°C because there are changes in the permeability of the cell
membrane. The presence of sodium chloride in the osmotic solutions leads to an increase in
the effects of dehydration due to small molecules that are capable of penetrating into the
