Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
equilibrium values of water loss and solid gain coefficient of determination was found to be
0.991 while for initial solid gain it was 0.778, which indicates that less than 1% and 22.2% of
the variations could not be explained by the model for equilibrium WL and SG, respectively.
Table 3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the responses in combined solutions
Rezidual
Model
Response
SS
DF
MS
SS
DF
MS
F
p-value
R
2
WL 1/k
1
0.301
7
0.043
108.223
10
10.812
252.042
<0.00001
0.982
WL 1/k
2
12.424
7
1.777
32037.134
10
3203.702
1803.202
<0.00001
0.991
SG 1/k
1
0.001
7
0.001
0.069
10
0.014
52.813
0.000012
0.972
SG 1/k
2
2200.478 7
314.335
8700.94
10
870.093
2.771
0.094858
0.778
The results of the statistical analysis according to the experimental plan for the osmotic
dehydration in combined solutions are presented in Table 4. The significance of each
coefficient was determined by Student‟s t-test. As for significance of the polynomial
coefficients, its t-values suggest that the most important factor influencing water loss initial
rate is quadratic effect of salt concentration followed by the interaction between salt
concentration and temperature. Among linear effects the most significant is effect of sodium
chloride concentration. As for equilibrium water loss the most significant effects has sucrose
concentration, both linear and quadratic effects. The interaction between sucrose and sodium
chloride is the most significant interaction followed by the interaction of sucrose
concentration and temperature. As for solid gain initial rate the most influence is arbitrated to
the linear and quadratic effect of the sodium chloride concentration, while the effect of
sucrose concentration is less important. The similar results are obtained for the equilibrium
values of solid gain.
Table 4. Regression equation coefficients for responses in combined solutions
Response
WL 1/k
1
(1/min)
WL 1/k
2
(g/g)
SG 1/k
1
(1/min)
SG 1/k
2
(g/g)
Effects
coefficient
t-value
coefficient t-value
coefficient
t-value
coefficient
t-value
Intercept
b
0
1.2062
0.2463
-77.4953
-2.4596 0.4200
1.5546
-84.2509
-0.2010
Linear
b
1
-0.0680
-0.8851
2.1071
4.2670
-0.0042
-0.9933
-4.0747
-0.6203
b
2
1.0562
2.9411
4.6709
2.0221
-0.0918
-4.6341
15.3674
0.5001
b
3
-0.0838
-0.4916
2.1542
1.9654
-0.0095
-1.0062
9.5306
0.6537
Quadratic
b
11
0.0018
3.7862
-0.0162
-5.3352 -0.000001
-0.0526
0.0392
0.9731
b
22
0.0542
4.6012
-0.0347
-0.4583 0.0065
10.0374 -1.1625
-1.1543
b
33
0.0065
3.4403
-0.0397
-3.2753 -0.00001
-0.0934
-0.0953
-0.5915
Interaction
b
12
-0.0079
-2.1600
-0.0556
-2.3587 -0.0001
-0.5212
-0.0103
-0.0328
b
13
-0.0030
-2.0544
0.0154
1.6374
0.0001
1.6208
-0.0177
-0.1408
b
2
3
-0.0311
-4.2443
-0.0188
-0.3985 0.0015
3.5861
-0.1407
-0.2244
In this chapter graphical representation of parameter influences in the case of combined
solutions as osmotic medium was restricted to the combined influence of sodium chloride and
sucrose concentrations. As for other interactions the effects of temperature and solute
