Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
fungus
Cercospora beticola
Sacc., as well as the level of damages caused by. According to a
conducted research, the mean root yield and sugar yield, as well as the sugar content and the
sugar in molasses was significantly depended on weather characteristics during the growing
season. Root yield and sugar yield ranged from 51.15 t ha
-1
and 6.33 t ha
-1
, respectively, in
2012 to 83.67 t ha
-1
and
9.92 t ha
-1
, respectively, in 2010. At the same time sugar content
during the dry year was 15.52% followed by higher sugar in molasses of about 3.32%, while
during the wet year best production results were achieved. This year also provided favorable
conditions for the development of disease, so in 2010 were registered the greatest damage, in
which fungicide application recorded the highest increase of analyzed production results.
Obtained results about the impact of weather characteristics on achieved root and pure sugar
yield, as well as on the root quality are in line with the results registered by Pospišil et al.
(2006), Kristek et al. (2006) and Kristek et al. (2013).
Realization of increasing root yield and root quality of sugar beet is constantly a desire
and an effort of sugar beet producers. That is why they launch numerous measures to improve
the production, among them, one of the most important measures is to preserve leaf health in
order to reduce leaf restoring processes and to keep photosynthesis processes as high as
possible. The impact of leaf preserve by fungicide applications is given by the achieved
results. On the treatment without fungicide application the lowest results were achieved, so
the mean root yield was 61.21 t ha
-1
, mean sugar content was 13.92% and mean sugar yield
was 6.94 t ha
-1
. One fungicide application increases the root yield by 8.7 t ha
-1
(14.22%),
sugar content by 1.27% (relative 9.13%) and sugar yield by 1.86 t ha
-1
(26.84%), whereas
three fungicide applications increases root yield by 15.92 t ha
-1
(26.01%), sugar content by
1.61% (relative 11.57%) and sugar yield by 3.07 t ha
-1
(44.24%). In a two years research
included two locations and one fungicide application Rešić (2003) achieved, in the first year
of research, an increase of root yield by 8.02 t ha
-1
(15.79%) compared to the control, with
two fungicide applications the increase was even higher by 12.74 t ha
-1
(24.50%). At the same
time with one and two fungicide applications the sugar content was increased by 0.40%
(relative 2.85%) and 0.74% (relative 5.29%) respectively. Sugar yield was increased by 1.33 t
ha
-1
(18.32%) with one fungicide application and by 2.16 t ha
-1
(29.85%) with two fungicide
applications. In the second year of research one fungicide application increased root yield by
6.40 t ha
-1
(16.26%), sugar content by 1.35% (relative 10.55%) and sugar yield by 1.33 t ha
-1
(18.32%), which in the increase with two fungicide applications was by 7.81 t ha
-1
(19.94%),
1.83% (relative 14.30%) and 1.12 t ha
-1
(21.52%). In a similar research with 26 sugar beet
hybrids Kristek et al. (2006) achieved, in treatment with fungicides application compared to
the control, an increase of root yield by 11.07 t ha
-1
(14.08%), sugar content by 1,00%
(relative 7,1%) and sugar yield by 2.08 t ha
-1
(23.00%). Glavaš-Tokić (2009) reported that
with one fungicide application the sugar yield was increased by 1.01 t ha
-1
(10.8%) compared
to the control and with two fungicide applications by 1.84 t ha
-1
(19.6%), as well as fungicide
efficiency depended on genotype. In sensitive hybrids with one fungicide application the
sugar yield was increased by 1.30 t ha
-1
(15.5%) and with two fungicide applications by 2.33 t
ha
-1
(29.5%). Application of fungicides is necessary in Croatia as concluded Kristek et al.
(2008) after a three years research with 23 sugar beet hybrids in conditions of natural
infection with and without fungicide applications. On treatment without fungicide application,
because of leaf damages, compared to treatment with fungicide application and preserved
leaves the decrease was by 11.5 t ha
-1
(13.0%) for root yield, 1.35% (relative 8.4%) for sugar
content and 2.5 t ha
-1
(20.3%) for sugar yield. In favorable year for disease development
