Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Thecoefficient
α
d
inequation9.16isassociatedwithplatetear-outbyshearing
in the direction of load transfer, commonly when the bolt is close to the end of a
plate,asshowninFigure9.19b.Inthiscase,EC3-1-8requires
α
d
tobedetermined
from
α
d
=
e
1
3
d
0
≤
1
(9.17)
for an end bolt, or from
α
d
=
p
1
3
d
0
−
0.25
≤
1
(9.18)
forinternalboltsiftheseboltsarecloselyspaced,inwhich
d
0
istheboltdiameter
and the dimensions
e
1
and
p
1
are shown in Figure 2.7.
The coefficient
k
1
in equation 9.16 is associated with tension fracture perpen-
dicular to the direction of load transfer, commonly when the bolt is close to an
edge, as shown in Figure 9.19e. Hence, EC3-1-8 uses
k
1
=
2.8
e
2
/
d
0
−
1.7
≤
2.5
(9.19)
if the bolts are at the edge of the plate, and
k
1
=
1.4
p
2
/
d
0
−
1.7
≤
2.5
(9.20)
forinternalbolts,where
p
2
isthedistancebetweenrowsofholes(
p
inFigure2.5).
Bolt
force
Bolt
force
Bolt
force
Failure path
Plastic flow
Failure path
(c) Shearing between holes
(a) Bearing
(b) End shear
Plate
stresses
T
C
C
Plate
stresses
Bolt
forces
Bolt
forces
Bolt
force
Plate
stresses
T
T
T
Fracture plane
Fracture
Fracture
(d) Tension
(e) Bending
(f) Tension and bending
Figure 9.19
Bolted plates in bearing, shear, tension, or bending.
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