Memory Hierarchy Design - Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach - page 125

FIGURE 2.27 Instruction misses per 1000 references for five inputs to the perl bench-
mark from SPEC2000 . There is little variation in misses and little difference between the five
inputs for the first 1.9 billion instructions. Running to completion shows how misses vary over
the life of the program and how they depend on the input. The top graph shows the running
average misses for the first 1.9 billion instructions, which starts at about 2.5 and ends at about
4.7 misses per 1000 references for all five inputs. The bottom graph shows the running aver-
age misses to run to completion, which takes 16 to 41 billion instructions depending on the in-
put. After the first 1.9 billion instructions, the misses per 1000 references vary from 2.4 to 7.9
depending on the input. The simulations were for the Alpha processor using separate L1
caches for instructions and data, each two-way 64 KB with LRU, and a unified 1 MB direct-
mapped L2 cache.