ELECTROMAGNETIC FUNDAMENTALS FOR SIGNAL INTEGRITY - Advanced Signal Integrity for High-Speed Digital Design - page 9

ELECTROMAGNETIC
FUNDAMENTALS FOR SIGNAL
INTEGRITY

2.1 Maxwell's equations 10

2.2 Common vector operators 13

2.2.1 Vector 13

2.2.2 Dot product 13

2.2.3 Cross product 14

2.2.4 Vector and scalar fields 15

2.2.5 Flux 15

2.2.6 Gradient 18

2.2.7 Divergence 18

2.2.8 Curl 20

2.3 Wave propagation 23

2.3.1 Wave equation 23

2.3.2 Relation between E and H and the transverse electromagnetic mode 25

2.3.3 Time-harmonic fields 27

2.3.4 Propagation of time-harmonic plane waves 28

2.4 Electrostatics 32

2.4.1 Electrostatic scalar potential in terms of an electric field 36

2.4.2 Energy in an electric field 37

2.4.3 Capacitance 40

2.4.4 Energy stored in a capacitor 41

2.5 Magnetostatics 42

2.5.1 Magnetic vector potential 46

2.5.2 Inductance 48

2.5.3 Energy in a magnetic field 51

2.6 Power flow and the poynting vector 53

2.6.1 Time-averaged Values 56

2.7 Reflections of electromagnetic waves 57