Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Although.it.is.possible.to.create.a.nuclear.transmutation.of.the.ion.beam.
injections,. it. is. dificult. to. ind. theoretical. explanations. for. the. reaction.. In.
considering. the. several. kinds. of. lattice. characteristics,. it. is. reasonable. to.
guess. the. effect. of. the. space. in. unnatural. conditions. like. vacuum. suction.
in. lower. energy. rather. than. the. conventional. very. hot. nuclear. reaction. or.
accelerator-driven. transmutation.. The. second. layer. condition. is. another.
effect.for.the.room.temperature.reaction,.where.the.sandwich.arrangement.
is.simulated..This.material.could.be.transmuted.to.another.material.or.allow.
a.nuclear.transmutation.reaction.
3.3 Calculation
The.SRIM.2008.code.is.a.well-known.simulation.package.that.is.used.in.this.
type.of.research.(Biersack.and.Ziegler.1982;.Ziegler.1988),.and.consists.of.a.
group.of.programs..The.programs.can.calculate.the.stopping.and.range.of.
ions.from.10.eV.×.(amu) −1 .to.2.GeV.×.(amu) .−1 .in.quantum.mechanical.mat-
ters. including. solid. and. liquid. states. in. ion-atom. collisions.. The. Coulomb.
collision.screens.the.atoms.and.ions.and.has.been.improved.compared.to.the.
previous.codes:.SRIM.2000.and.TRIM.96.(Transport.of.Ions.in.Matter;.this.is.
the.former.name.of.the.SRIM.code.system)..There.are.some.enhanced.points.
where.minor.bugs.have.been.removed,.and.the.method.has.been.modiied.
for.heavy.ions..Furthermore,.the.nuclear.stopping.power.for.speciic.atoms.
is.introduced..The.irradiation.effects.are.instantaneous,.and.more.complex.
methods.must.be.developed.for.experiments.involving.real.situations.
In.the.simulation,.the.small.energy.ion.is.injected.into.several.layers.of.the.
atomic.structures..Therefore,.an.ion.beam.is.used.for.the.simulation..For.the.
experiment,.a.system.could.be.suggested.using.different.types.of.molecular.
structures.. However,. fundamentally. the. lattice. shape. is. the. main. factor. in.
the.room-temperature.nuclear.reaction.
3.4 Results
Table 3.2.shows.the.results.of.the.simulations..The.most.probable.points.are.
obtained.by.the.energy..The.lowest.values.shown.are.10.keV..The.most.prob-
able. point. increases. as. the. energy. increases.. As. the. energy. increases,. the.
vacancies.are.also.increased..In.addition,.the.change.rate.is.not.increased.in.
graphite.and.Ca.at.the.10.keV.energy.value.
Figure  3.2. shows. the. production. of. the. displacement,. which. is. assumed.
for.the.reaction..The.distributions.in.the.edge.between.Pd.+.Cs.and.one.of.
 
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