Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
from the presence of mineralized microbes and
the presence of fabrics indicative of microbial
activity.
Over the last 10-20 years, knowledge of spelean
microbial communities has increased greatly as
microbiologists have focused attention on these
biotas. Despite this, much remains to be learnt
about the roles that these microbes play in the
growth and development of cave deposits and, in
particular, calcite speleothems.
chemistry: tracing links between climate and hydrol-
ogy. Geology, 24, 1049-1053.
B
AR
-M
ATTCHEWS
, M., A
YALON
,A.&K
AUFMAN
,A.
1999. The eastern Mediterranean paleoclimate as a
reflection of regional events: Soreq cave, Israel.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 166, 85-95.
B
ARCYZK
, W. 1956. Pizolity jaskiniowe w jednej z grot w
Wojcieszowie (On cave pisoliths from Wojciesz´w,
Polish Sudetin). Acta Geologica Polonica,
6,
327-336.
B
ARTLEY
, J. K. 1996. Actualistic taphonomy of cyano-
bacteria: implications for the Precambrian fossil
record. Palaios, 11, 571-586.
B
ARTON
, H. A. 2006. Introduction to cave microbiology:
a review for the non-specialist. Journal of Cave and
Karst Studies, 68, 43-54.
B
ARTON
,H.A.&J
URADO
, V. 2007. What's up down
there? Microbial diversity in caves. Microbe, 2,
132-138.
B
ARTON
,H.A.&N
ORTHUP
, D. E. 2007. Geomicobiol-
ogy in cave environments: past, current and future
perspectives. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies,
69, 163-178.
B
ARTON
, H. A., S
PEAR
,J.R.&P
ACE
, N. R. 2001.
Microbial life in the underworld: biogenicity in
secondary mineral formations. Geomicrobiological
Journal, 18, 359-368.
B
ARTON
, H. A., T
AYLOR
,M.R.&P
ACE
, N. R. 2004.
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of a bacterial commu-
nity in an oligotrophic cave environment. Geomicro-
biological Journal, 21, 11-20.
B
ASKAR
, S., B
ASKAR
,R.&K
AUSHIK
, A. 2007.
Evidences for microbial involvement in the genesis
of speleothem carbonates, Borra Caves, Visakhapat-
nam, India. Current Science, 92, 350-355.
B
ASKAR
, S., B
ASKAR
, R., L
EE
,N.&T
HEOPHILUS
,P.K.
2009. Speleothems from Mawsmai and Krem Phyllut
caves, Meghalaya, India: some evidences on biogenic
activities. Environmental Geology, 57, 1169-1186.
B
ASKAR
, S., B
ASKAR
, R., M
AUCLAIRE
,L.&M
C
K
EN-
ZIE
, J. A. 2006. Microbially induced calcite preci-
pitation in culture experiments: possible origin for
stalactites in Sahastradhara caves, Dehradun, India.
Current Science, 90, 58-64.
B
ASKER
, S., B
ASKAR
, R., M
AUCLAIRE
,L.&M
C
K
EN-
ZIE
, J. A. 2005. Role of microbial community in
stalactite formation, Sahastradhara caves, Dehradun,
India. Current Science, 88, 1305-1308.
B
ENZERARA
, K., M
ENGUY
, N., L
´
PEZ
-G
ARCIA
, P.,
Y
OON
, T.-H., K
AZMIERCZAK
, J., T
YLISZCZAK
, T.,
G
UYOT
,F.&B
ROWN
, G. E. 2006. Nanoscale detec-
tion of organic signatures in carbonate microbialites.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
the United States of America, 103, 9440-9445.
B
ERNASCONI
, R. 1981. Moonmilch: two questions of
terminology. Proceedings of the 8th International
Congress of Speleology, 113-116.
B
ERNER
, R. A. 1978. Rate control on mineral dissolution
under earth surface conditions. American Journal of
Science, 278, 1235-1252.
B
ERTOUILLE
, H. 1972. Le monmilch, rep`re climatique?
Annales de Sp´l´ologie, 27, 609-623.
B
LACK
, D. M. 1952. Cave pearls in Carlsbad Caverns.
Scientific Monthly, 74, 206-210.
I am indebted to the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada for funding of the research
on which this paper is based (grant A6090); Captain Ned
J. Millar for permission to collect samples from the Old
Man Village cave that is on his property; Hendrik van
Genderen, The Water Authority, Cayman Islands, for his
assistance in the field; George Braybrook, University of
Alberta, who took the SEM images used in this paper;
Dr Martyn Pedley for encouraging me to write this
paper, and Ian Fairchild and an anonymous reviewer who
critically reviewed an earlier version of this paper.
References
A
BDELAHAD
,N.&B
AZZICHELLIA
, G. 1988. Geitleria
calcarea Friedmann, cyanophyc´e cavernicole nou-
velle pour l'Italie. Nova Hedwigia, 46, 265-270.
A
BDUL
-N
OUR
, H. 1991. Perles cubiques. Liban Souter-
rain. Bulletin du Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches
Souterraines du Liban, 3, 64-65.
A
HMAD
, A., R
AUTARAY
,D.&S
ASTRY
, M. 2004.
Biogenic calcium carbonate: calcite crystals of
variable morhology by the reaction of aqueous Ca
2þ
ions with fungi. Advanced Functional Materials, 14,
1075-1080.
A
MANN
, R. I., L
UDWIG
,W.&S
CHLEIFER
, K. H. 1995.
Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of
individual microbial cells without cultivation. Micro-
biological Reviews, 59, 143-169.
A
MANN
, R. I., S
NAIDR
, J., W
AGNER
, M., L
UDWIG
,W.&
S
CHLEIFER
, K. H. 1996. In situ visualization of high
genetic diversity in a natural community. Journal of
Bacteriology, 178, 3496-3500.
A
RI
˜
O
, X., H
ERN
´
NDEZ
-M
ARIN
´
,M.&S
AIZ
-J
IMENEZ
,
C. 1997. Colonization of Roman tombs by calcifying
cyanobacteria. Phycologia. 36, 366-373.
B
AKER
, A., S
MITH
, C. L., J
EX
, C., F
AIRCHILD
,I.J.,
G
ENTY
,D.&F
ULLER
, L. 2008. Annually laminated
speleothems: a review. International Journal of Spe-
leology, 37, 193-206.
B
AKER
,G.&F
ROSTICK
, A. C. 1947. Pisoliths and ooliths
from some Australian caves and mines. Journal of
Sedimentary Petrology, 17, 39-67.
B
AKER
,G.&F
ROSTICK
, A. C. 1951. Pisoliths, ooliths and
calcareous growths in limestone caves at Port
Campbell, Victoria, Australia. Journal of Sedimentary
Petrology, 21, 85-104.
B
ANNER
, J. L., M
USGROVE
, M. L., A
SMERON
, Y.,
E
DWARDS
,R.L.&H
OFF
, J. A. 1996. High-resolution
temporal
record
of
Holocene
ground-water
Search WWH ::
Custom Search