Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
1.00
Underconnected
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
A'dam North
Branched
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
Overconnected
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1-ADF
Figure 5.24 HRD of Amsterdam North (Q tot = 467.83 l/s, PDD threshold = 15 mwc)
It has been therefore assumed that the network is capable of conveying higher flows and its
limits have been tested in the same way as in case of net10 and net16 , but at the PDD
threshold pressure of 15 mwc. The results for 15 simulations at the increment of the demand
multiplier of 4 % (total 73%) are shown in Figure 5.25. At the same time the HRD of the
network has been plot for three levels of demand increase: 32 %, 73 % and 98 %, reflecting
the 15 simulations at increment of 2, 4 and 5 %, respectively, which is shown in Figure 5.26.
The zoomed-in origin of the diagram in this figure (the results for both Q pipe /Q total and 1 -
ADF in the range of 0 to 0.05) is shown in Figure 5.27.
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
Ir
In
NBI
ADFavg
ADFmin
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Figure 5.25 Comparison of I r , I n and NBI for demand increase of 4 % (total 73%)
The results in Figure 5.25 show again more conservative values of the two resilience indices
than is the case with the NBI. It is also visible that all three indices start dropping more
substantially in the last few simulation runs. At the same time, an insignificant drop of the
values for ADF avg and ADF min is registered for rather large increase in demand. The following
are the values in the final simulation run, nr. 15: I r = 0.286, I n = 0.263, NBI = 0.479, ADF avg =
0.9938 and ADF min = 0.758. The explanation for this discrepancy can be found looking at the
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