Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
If.hazards.cannot.be.engineered.out.of.the.job,.can.the.job.procedure.be.changed?.
Be.careful.here.because.changes.in.job.procedures.to.help.eliminate.the.hazards.must.
be.carefully.studied..If.the.job.changes.are.too.dificult,.long,.or.uncomfortable,.then.
the.employee.will.take.risks.or.shortcuts.to.avoid.these.procedures..Caution.must.be.
exercised.when.changing.job.procedures.to.avoid.creating.additional.hazards.
An. example. of. changing. job. procedures. might. be. to. service. equipment. at. the.
beginning.of.the.shift.rather.than.at.the.end.of.the.shift..This.will.allow.the.engine.
and.other.components.of.the.machine.to.cool.down.and.thus.will.eliminate.contact.
with.or.contact.by.hazards.
Can. the. necessity. of. doing. the. job,. or. the. frequency. of. performing. the. job,. be.
reduced?.Often,.maintenance.jobs.requiring.frequent.service.or.repair.of.equipment.
are.hazardous..To.reduce.the.necessity.of.such.a.repetitive.job,.ask.what.can.be.done.
to.eliminate.the.cause.or.condition.that.makes.excessive.repair.or.service.necessary..
For.example,.a.guard.keeps.vibrating.loose.on.a.piece.of.equipment,.thereby.requir-
ing.reinstallation..Different.types.of.bolts.and.nuts,.or.some.other.type.of.fasteners,.
may.eliminate.the.problem.
PersonAl ProtectIve equIPment
Finally,.can.personal.protective.equipment.be.used?.The.use.of.personal.protective.
equipment.should.always.be.the.last.consideration.in.reducing.the.hazards.of.a.job..
The. usefulness. of. personal. protective. equipment. depends. entirely. on. the. worker's.
willingness. to. use. it. faithfully.. It. is. always. better. to. control. the. hazards. of. a. job.
by. administrative. or. engineering. revisions.. Personal. protective. equipment. should.
only.be.considered.a.temporary.solution.to.protecting.a.worker.from.a.hazard,.or.as.
supplemental.protection.to.other.solutions.
During. the. JSA/JHA. process,. safety. problems. are. going. to. surface.. Some. of.
these.problems.will.be.easily.solved.with.suggestions.made.to.upper.management..
Administrative.revisions.are.the.easiest.to.make.because.there.is.little.if.any.capital.
outlay..New,.better,.or.additional.personal.protective.equipment.normally.requires.
minimal.expenditures.and.can.be.instituted.promptly..Work-saving.tools.and.other.
equipment. may. require. large. expenditures. and. might. be. phased. in. over. time. as.
tools. or. equipment. are. replaced.. Engineering. revisions. may. take. time. to. design.
and.install..Changes.in.physical.conditions.may.have.to.be.engineered.into.the.next.
upgrade.or.redesign.
summAry
The.steps.involved.in.a.JSA/JHA.process.have.been.outlined.in.the.previous.pages..
It should. be. especially. clear. that. the. main. point. of. doing. a. JSA/JHA. is. to. pre-
vent. accidents. by. anticipating. and. eliminating. hazards.. JSA/JHA. is. a. procedure.
for.determining.the.sequence.of.basic.job.steps,.identifying.potential.accidents.or.
hazards,.and.developing.recommended.safe.job.procedures..Table 12.2.provides.an.
example.JSA/JHA.
The. JSA/JHA. is. an. accident. prevention. technique. used. in. many. successful.
safety. programs.. The. JSA/JHA. process. is. not. dificult. if. it. is. undertaken. with. a.
