Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
f All - to -s AmE -l EvEl AnD f All - to -b Elow t yPEs of A CCiDEnts
Slip,.trip,.and.fall.accident.types.are.one.of.the.most.common.accident.types.occur-
ring. in. the. workplace.. Can. the. worker. fall. while. doing. a. job. step?. Falls. are. such.
frequent. accidents. that. we. need. to. look. thoroughly. for. slip,. trip,. and. fall. hazards..
Consider.whether.the.worker.can.fall.from.something.above.ground.level,.or.whether.
the.worker.can.fall.to.the.same.level..Two.hazards.account.for.most.fall-to-same-level.
accidents:.slipping.hazards.and.tripping.hazards..The.fall-to-below.accidents.occur.
in.situations.where.employees.work.above.ground.or.above.loor.level,.and.the.results.
are.usually.more.severe.
o vErExErtion AnD E xPosurE t yPEs of A CCiDEnts
The.next.two.accident.types.are.overexertion.and.exposure..Can.the.worker.be.injured.
by. overexertion?. That. is,. can. he. or. she. be. injured. while. lifting,. pulling,. or. push-
ing?.Can.awkward.body.positioning.while.doing.a.job.step.cause.a.sprain.or.strain?.
Can the.repetitive.nature.of.a.task.cause.injury.to.the.body?.An.example.of.this.is.
excessive. lexing. of. the. wrist,. which. can. cause. carpal. tunnel. syndrome. (which. is.
abnormal.pressure.on.the.tendons.and.nerves.in.the.wrist).
Finally,.can.exposure.to.the.work.environment.cause.injury.to.the.worker?.Envi-
ronmental.conditions.such.as.noise,.extreme.temperatures,.poor.air,.toxic.gases.and.
chemicals,.or.harmful.fumes.from.work.operations.should.also.be.listed.as.hazards.
consIder humAn ProBlems In the jsA/jhA Process
While.working.with.the.middle.column,.“Potential.Accidents.or.Hazards,”.we.also.
need.to.consider.the.following.points.related.to.human.problems:
•. What.effects.could.there.be.if.equipment.is.used.incorrectly?
•. Can. the. worker. take. shortcuts. to. avoid. dificult,. lengthy,. or. uncomfort-
able.procedures?
Normally,.the.job.steps.for.a.JSA/JHA.are.listed.in.logical.sequence..Some.work-
ers,.however,.may.wish.to.change.the.sequence.for.one.reason.or.another..For.exam-
ple,. one. operator. may. choose. to. check. luid. levels. before. he. or. she. does. a. general.
walk-around.. This. type. of. lexibility. is. good. for. worker. morale. and. productivity..
However,.on.the.other.hand,.there.are.times.when.the.sequence.of.the.job.steps.or.
deviations.from.the.job.steps.are.critical.to.safe.performance.of.the.job..An.example.
of.this.is.that.the.walk-around.inspection.must.be.made.and.safety.deiciencies.cor-
rected. before. the. machine. is. put. into. service. for. the. day.. It. would. not. be. safe. or.
proper.to.do.the.walk-around.inspection.after.the.machine.has.been.put.into.service.
elImInAtIng or controllIng the hAzArds
There.are.ways.to.eliminate.the.hazards.by.choosing.a.different.process,.modifying.
an.existing.process,.substituting.with.a.less.hazardous.substance,.or.improving.the.
environment..In.developing.solutions,.the.following.steps.can.be.taken:
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