Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
successful in improving at least one of the multiple independent goals of the
multi-organ physiological system.
7.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was partially supported by the Santa Fe Institute, both in the
short term and also in conversations over the years among the theoretical immu-
nology group.
Sadly, during the course of the production of this textbook, Professor Lee
Segel passed away. Both the editors and publisher are immensely grateful for
the important chapter Lee was able to contribute. He will be sorely missed
throughout the scientific community he influenced so much. [Added in proof.]
8.
APPENDIX
:
EQUATIONS FOR THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL
dN
dP
=
sE
g N
,
=
rP
aNEP
,
[A1,2]
N
dt
dt
T
dE
1
ยจ
=
N
PE
g E
,
E
=
[
h P t
( )
+
h N t
( )]
dt
,
[A3,4]
p
E
P
N
dt
T
0
dK
dH
.
[A5,6]
=
caEPN
(
)
gK
,
=
ChP hN
(
+
)
gH
K
K
H
P
H
dt
dt
N
9.
REFERENCES
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Autoimmu-
nity and emerging diseases
, pp. 169-191. Ed. L Steinman. The Center for the Study of Emerg-
ing Diseases, Jerusalem.
2. Shochat E, Stemmer S, Segel LA. 2002. Detailed reconstruction of human hematopoietic cell
kinetics in steady state and following highly myelotoxic perturbations.
Bull Math Biol
64
:861-
886.
3. Ho DD, Neumann AU, Perelson AS, Chen W, Leonard JM, Markowitz M. 1995. Rapid turn-
over of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection.
Nature
373
:123-126.
4. Segel LA, Lev Bar-Or R. 1999. On the role of feedback in promoting conflicting goals of the
adaptive immune systems.
Immunology
163
:1324-1349.
5. Segel LA, Safro I. 2003. Collective stochastic versions of playable games as metaphors for
complex biosystems: team connect four.
Complexity
8
:46-55.
6. Borghans JAM, De Boer RJ. 2002. Memorizing innate instructions requires a sufficiently
specific adaptive immune system.
J Immunol
14
:525-532.
7.
Mezhitov R, Janeway CA. 1997. Innate immunity: impact on the adaptive immune response.
Curr Opin Immunol
9
:4.
