Application of Zero-valent Iron Nanoparticles for Environmental Clean Up - Advanced Materials for Agriculture, Food and Environmental Safety - page 397

Contaminant
category

Nanoparticle Type Contaminant

removed

Reaction mechanism Remarks References

Chlorinated ali-
phatic, alicyclic
and aromatic
compounds

nFe 0 /Pd Trichloroethene

(TCE) and
Poly-chlorinated
biphenyl (PCB)

TCE decchlorinates to to
hydrocarbons (Ethene,
Ethane, Propene, Propane,
Butene, Butane, Pentane)
and PCB to biphenyl

Surface area normalized rate con-
stants were 10-100 times higher
than those of commercially avail-
able iron particles

[26]

nFe 0 /Ni CCl 4 and CHCl 3 Reductive dechlorination Reaction rate constant 2-8 times

higher for nFe 0 /Ni as compared
to nFe 0

[148]

nFe 0 /Pd Pentachlorophenol Complete dechlorination to

phenol via tetra-, tri-,
di- & mono-chlorophenol

Ultrasonication improves dechlori-
nation ei ciency

[149]

nFe 0 /Pd 2,4-dichlorophenol

(2,4-DCP)

Catalytic dechlorination to
o -CP or p -CP initially,
then to phenol i nally.

Humic acid inhibits dechlorination [150]

nFe 0 /Pd 2,2, 4,5,5 -penta-

chloro-biphenyl

Catalytic
hydrodechlorination

High Pd loading, high nFe 0 /Pd dos-
age and slightly acidic conditions
favours dechlorination

[151]

nFe 0 /Pd Trichloroethene

(TCE)

Dechlorination to -1,2-

DCE and hydrocarbons
(ethyne, ethene, ethane)

cis nFe 0 deactivation reaction fol-

lows i rst order kinetics, Clay
sediments ef ect nanoparticles
viability

[152]

nFe 0 /Pd Lindane Complete dechlorination to

cyclohexane

Negligible dechlorination observed
by commercial microscale Fe 0 .

[153]

( Continued )