Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
7.6
Other Materials for Nanoremediation
Biosensors and ai nity sensor devices have been shown to have the abil-
ity to provide rapid, cost-ef ective, specii c and reliable quantitative and
qualitative analysis. To date, developments in nanomaterial and biosensor
fabrication technology are moving forward rapidly, with new and novel
nanobiorecognition materials being developed which can be applied as
the sensing receptors for analysis of mycotoxins. Biosensors as tools have
proven to be able to provide rapid, sensitive, robust and cost-ef ective
quantitative methods for on-site testing. h e development of biosensor
devices for dif erent mycotoxins has attracted much research interest in
recent years, with a range of devices being developed and reported in the
scientii c literature. However, with the advent of nanotechnology and its
impact on developing ultrasensitive devices, mycotoxin analysis is also
benei ting from the advances taking place in applying nanomaterials in the
development of sensors. h e application of nanotechnology in biosensors
can range from the transducer device, the recognition ligand, the label and
the running systems (e.g., instruments). h eir application in sensor devel-
opment has been due to the excellent advantages of ered by these materials
in miniaturization of the devices and signal enhancements which result
in high precision and accuracy, and also amplii cation of signal by the use
of nanoparticles as labels. h e high surface-to-volume ratio of ered by
nanomaterials makes these devices very sensitive and can allow a single
molecule detection, which is very attractive in contaminant monitoring,
such as for toxins. h e development of micro/nanosensor devices for tox-
ins analysis is increasing due to their extremely attractive characteristics
for this application.
h e development of micro/nanosensor devices for toxins analysis is
increasing due to their extremely attractive characteristics for this applica-
tion. In principle these devices are miniature transducers fabricated using
conventional thin- and thick-i lm technology. h eir novel electron trans-
port properties make them highly sensitive for low-level detection. Multi-
toxins detection (e.g., mycotoxins) in foods can be conducted using single
micro/nanoelectrode array chip with high sensitivity and rapid analysis
time. h e use of micro/nanoarrays for analysis applications in foods can
produce highly sensitive sensors. Multi-mycotoxins detection has also
been reported in the literature using dif erent sensor platforms combined
with multi-ELISA assays. h erefore, multi-toxins can be detected on a sin-
gle microelectrode array chip with multi-array working electrode, where
dif erent antibody is immobilised to detect a specii c mycotoxin. Micro/
nanoelectrode arrays have unique properties, including small capacitive
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