Environmental Engineering Reference
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better penetration of impregnation agents (PF and UP) into
the cells of the sugar palm i ber.
2. As the pressure increased, the SG of the PF-impregnated
i bers statistically increased, while no signii cant increase
was seen for those i bers impregnated with UP.
3. h e moisture content and water absorption of PF- and
UP-impregnated i bers were found to decrease signii cantly
at er being impregnated.
4. As the impregnation pressure increased, the mechanical
properties of PF- and UP-sugar palm i bers showed signii -
cant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) where it was seen that the ten-
sile strength and tensile modulus had signii cantly increased,
while the elongation at break decreased.
5. It was also observed that signii cantly low tensile strength
and low elongation at break of PF-impregnated i bers
resulted in the i ber being less superior in toughness com-
pared to the UP-impregnated i bers.
6. It was discovered that besides having less side ef ects to
human health and the environment and not contributing to
an increase in SG, better property enhancement was seen for
UP-impregnated i bers, especially in mechanical properties,
compared to PF-impregnated i bers.
Acknowledgments
h e authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Agriculture and
Agro-Based Industry (MOA) of Malaysia for funding the research grant
(Science Fund, project number: 05-01-04-SF1114). Part of this paper was
presented in the Eighth International Conference on Composite Science
and Technology (ICCST/8 2011) held in Kuala Lumpur.
References
1.
Z. Leman, S.M. Sapuan, A.M. Saifol, M.A. Maleque, and M.M.H.M. Ahmad,
Moisture absorption of sugar palm i bre reinforced epoxy composites, Mater.
Design , Vol. 29, pp. 1666-1670, 2008.
2.
A. Aidy, A.B. Sanuddin, and Saifuliwan Ezzeddin, h e ef ect of aging on
Arenga pinnata i ber-reinforced epoxy composite, Mater. Design , Vol. 31,
No. 7, pp. 3550-3554, 2010.
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