Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1. Cadmium concentration in various fraction in fly ash ([Cd],
average chromium concentration for n = 4 and p = 95%) and summary
concentration of Cd (
n
[
]
i
) for individual sequential extraction
∑
Cd
i
=
1
STE
P
Cd Fraction
[Cd]
total,
mg · kg
-1
n
Method of
sequential
extraction
[
]
i
∑
mg · kg
-1
Cd
i
=
1
1
carbonate (acid soluble)
1.9 ± 0.6
BCR
2
Fe-Mn oxides (reducible)
1.8 ± 0.7
6.9 ± 0.4
3
organic and sulfide (oxidizable)
3.2 ± 0.5
1
ion- exchangeable
1.4 ± 0.5
2
adsorbed
2.6 ± 0.4
SPOSITO
3
organic
1.5 ± 0.2
9.5 ± 0.6
4
carbonate
1.8 ± 0.6
5
sulfide
2.2 ± 1.1
1
water-extractable (water soluble)
1.5 ± 0.6
2
ion- exchangeable
1.6 ± 1.1
GATEHO
USE
3
Mn-Fe oxides (reducible)
2.8 ± 1.0
13.1 ± 0.8
4
organic and sulfide (oxidizable)
3.3 ± 0.8
5
residual
3.9 ± 2.6
1
exchangeable
1.4 ± 1.2
2
adsorbed
2.7 ± 0.9
RUDD
3
organic
3.1 ± 0.7
13.1 ± 1.3
4
carbonate
1.8 ± 1.2
5
sulfide
4.1 ± 1.1
1
ion- exchangeable
1.3 ± 0.6
2
carbonate
1.9 ± 1.1
KERSTEN
AND
FÖRSTNE
R
3
Mn oxides (easily reducible)
1.8 ± 0.8
4
Fe oxides (moderately reducible)
1.2 ± 0.6
14.3 ± 1.2
5
organic and sulfide (oxidizable)
3.4 ± 1.7
6
residual (lithogenic crystalline
minerals)
4.7 ± 1.6
1
water soluble
1.4 ± 0.4
2
organic and humus
3.4 ± 0.7
PSENNER
3
humus
1.8 ± 0.2
15.1 ± 0.9
4
carbonate. hydroxide Fe and sulfide
2.1 ± 0.5
5
clay
6.4 ± 2.0
1
exchangeable
1.5 ± 0.9
2
carbonate
2.0 ± 1.3
TESSIER
3
Fe-Mn oxides (or reducible)
3.0 ± 3.7
17.5 ± 2.3
4
organic and sulfide (or oxidizable)
4.5 ± 2.8
5
residual
6.5 ± 1.5
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