Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
from around the world, in part, because they share a common analysis
of the Green Revolution and neoliberal monetary policies as responsible
for their lived realities. Constituent movements then maintain individual
analyses of how national and local policies interact with these transna-
tional processes in order to create particular conditions. In looking
beyond borders, as well as to national policies, the U.S. food justice
movement may recognize the role of globalization in creating the
environmental and spatial injustices it faces, as well as commonalities
between its own circumstances and those confronted by small farmers
and landless peoples in the global South. Such an analysis could eventu-
ally drive the creation of a joined-up movement for food justice and food
sovereignty worldwide.
Notes
The author thanks Eric Holt-Giménez and the staff of Food First! for their help
conceptualizing this chapter, and for undertaking much of the primary research
on which it is based.
1. Though the movement for food sovereignty is truly global, I am particularly
focused on Latin America. Given critiques in the literature that food justice
activism relies on entrepreneurial strategies complicit with capitalism (Guthman
2008), I am particularly interested in whether and how conditions play out
differently among states that wholeheartedly embrace neoliberalism and those
that seem to be moving left.
2. Worldwide, hunger actually declined 16 percent during this time. However,
the stark decline in China was due not to the import of Green Revolution tech-
nologies, but to changes in land tenure.
3. As governed by the commodity title of the U.S. Farm Bill.
4. It is U.S. policy that all food aid be purchased from U.S. farmers, and pack-
aged and shipped by U.S. companies. This costs approximately 50 percent of the
money allocated (Quigley 2009).
5. In this way, it very much parallels Mills's (1959/2000) classic sociological
imagination.
References
Alkon, Alison Hope, and Kari Marie Norgaard. 2009. Breaking the food chains:
An investigation of food justice activism.
Sociological Inquiry
79(3):289-305.
Allen, Patricia. 2004.
Together at the Table: Sustainability and Sustenance in the
American Agrifood System.
State College: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Altieri, Miguel. 1995.
Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture
. New
York: Perseus Books.
