Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
In the absence of charges, or at a low degree of ionization of the arms, the star
conformation is controlled by a balance between two first terms in ( 7 ) (i.e., the short-
range interarm repulsions and the conformational entropy of stretched arms). As a
result, the star size is given by ( 4 ). That is, the power law dependencies, obtained on
the basis of the blob model, are recovered. The physical reasons why there is a match
of the star size as obtained by the scaling and in the mean field approximations are
discussed in details in [ 23 ] .
3.2
Polyelectrolyte Star Conformation in a Dilute Salt-Free
Solution
The box-like model allows for a straightforward analysis of the counterion localiza-
tion, which is essential for understanding the specific properties of salt-free solutions
of branched PEs. In the case of a PE star, the first two terms in the free energy in
( 7 ) are complemented by a contribution due to Coulomb interactions between all
the charges (charged monomers and mobile ions) in the cell, F Coulomb , and by the
translational entropy of all mobile ions, F ions . Following the line of arguments of
[ 27 , 29 ], we first focus on the case when no salt is added, and the cell contains
only mobile (monovalent) counterions, which compensate the net charge of the star
polyion. We assume that Q
Q counterions are localized in the outer volume of
Q )
the cell, R
r
D , whereas the remaining ( Q
counterions are retained inside
the star volume (0
. In the framework of the box-like model, the counterion
concentration is assumed to have constant (but different) values inside and outside
the star: c ( in )
ions
r
R
)
and c ( out )
ions
Q ) /
R 3
3 Q /
D 3
R 3
=
3
(
Q
4
π
=
4
π (
)
, respectively. The
entropic term in the free energy is, therefore, given by:
ln c ( in )
Q ln c ( out )
ions
Q )
F ions /
k B T
=(
Q
ions +
(10)
and the Coulomb interaction term is given by:
l B Q
F Coulomb /
k B T
=
R ϑ (
R
/
D
)
(11)
e 2
where l B =
is a rational function of x ,
whose form is specified in [ 27 , 29 ] . At the limit, when the cell size far exceeds the
star size, x
/
k B T is the Bjerrum length and
ϑ (
x
)
5. The minimization of the free energy, ( 7 ), ( 8 ),
( 9 ), ( 10 ), and ( 11 ), results in equilibrium values of the star size, R , and that of the
uncompensated charge, Q . The latter is of special interest and can be found from
the equation:
=
R
/
D
0,
ϑ (
x
)
3
/
ln Q
1 D 3
1
R
l B
1
Q =
Q
R 3
(12)
2
ϑ (
R
/
D
)
 
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