Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Cloud consumers offer applications to the end users. End users pay for consuming
the services.
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End users use services and applications hosted in the cloud.
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FIGURE 12.2
Service models and cloud roles
Cloud consumers offer
cloud-hosted applications
Platform as
a Service
User, who consumes
the service via some
user interface
Software as
a Service
Intrastructure as
a Service
Network provided and operated
by network service providers
Cloud service provider
operates cloud resources
Service Impairments and Responsibilities
Service impairments are caused by vulnerabilities in the software, hardware, power supply,
environment, application payload, networking, operational policies, application data, and
user data and by natural disasters and human error. There are three outage categories gen-
erally identified for accountability:
Outages associated with hardware or software, known as product-attributable service
outages. This includes scheduled outages necessitated by system design.
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Service-provider-attributable outages. This includes procedural errors, environment
problems, and security problems.
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External outages such as natural disasters, malicious attacks, and so on.
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Consideration of Accountability and Responsibility
The often vague split between cloud consumer and service provider makes accountability
difficult. This is even made more complex because many more service providers can be
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